BSN, RN, Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC. MSN, RN, Department of Nursing, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC. BSN, RN, Research Associate, School of Nursing, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, ROC. MA, RN, Lecturer, School of Nursing, Suzhou Vocational Health College, China. DNSc, RN, Professor, School of Nursing, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, ROC. cherylchen@ntu.edu.tw.